/*! tailwindcss v4.3.3 | MIT License | https://tailwindcss.com */@layer properties{@supports (((-webkit-hyphens:none)) and (not (margin-trim:inline))) or ((-moz-orient:inline) and (not (color:rgb(from red r g b)))){*,:before,:after,::backdrop{--tw-blur:initial;--tw-brightness:initial;--tw-contrast:initial;--tw-grayscale:initial;--tw-hue-rotate:initial;--tw-invert:initial;--tw-opacity:initial;--tw-saturate:initial;--tw-sepia:initial;--tw-drop-shadow:initial;--tw-drop-shadow-color:initial;--tw-drop-shadow-alpha:100%;--tw-drop-shadow-size:initial}}}@layer theme{:root,:host{--font-sans:"Source Sans 3", "Source Sans Fallback", sans-serif;--font-serif:"Source Serif 4", "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, serif;--font-mono:ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;--default-font-family:var(--font-sans);--default-mono-font-family:var(--font-mono);--color-ink:#161616;--color-muted:#5a5a5a;--color-faint:#8a8a8a;--color-line:#e6e6e6;--color-paper:#fff;--color-wash:#f4f4f4;--color-accent:#1c1915;--color-todo:#3f3f46}}@layer base{*,:after,:before,::backdrop{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}::file-selector-button{box-sizing:border-box;border:0 solid;margin:0;padding:0}html,:host{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;tab-size:4;line-height:1.5;font-family:var(--default-font-family,-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", "Noto Sans", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji");font-feature-settings:var(--default-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-font-variation-settings,normal);-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}hr{height:0;color:inherit;border-top-width:1px}abbr:where([title]){-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}a{color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp,pre{font-family:var(--default-mono-font-family,ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace);font-feature-settings:var(--default-mono-font-feature-settings,normal);font-variation-settings:var(--default-mono-font-variation-settings,normal);font-size:1em}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{vertical-align:baseline;font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}table{text-indent:0;border-color:inherit;border-collapse:collapse}:-moz-focusring:where(:not(iframe)){outline:auto}progress{vertical-align:baseline}summary{display:list-item}ol,ul,menu{list-style:none}img,svg,video,canvas,audio,iframe,embed,object{vertical-align:middle;display:block}img,video{max-width:100%;height:auto}button,input,select,optgroup,textarea{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}::file-selector-button{font:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;font-variation-settings:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;color:inherit;opacity:1;background-color:#0000;border-radius:0}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup{font-weight:bolder}:where(select:is([multiple],[size])) optgroup option{padding-inline-start:20px}::file-selector-button{margin-inline-end:4px}::placeholder{opacity:1}@supports (not ((-webkit-appearance:-apple-pay-button))) or (contain-intrinsic-size:1px){::placeholder{color:currentColor}@supports (color:color-mix(in lab,red,red)){::placeholder{color:color-mix(in oklab,currentcolor 50%,transparent)}}}textarea{resize:vertical}::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-date-and-time-value{min-height:1lh;text-align:inherit}::-webkit-datetime-edit{display:inline-flex}::-webkit-datetime-edit-fields-wrapper{padding:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-year-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-month-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-day-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-hour-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-minute-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-second-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-millisecond-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-datetime-edit-meridiem-field{padding-block:0}::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{line-height:1}:-moz-ui-invalid{box-shadow:none}button,input:where([type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit]){appearance:button}::file-selector-button{appearance:button}::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[hidden]:where(:not([hidden=until-found])){display:none!important}}@layer components;@layer utilities{.fixed{position:fixed}.static{position:static}.block{display:block}.flex{display:flex}.table{display:table}.filter{filter:var(--tw-blur,) var(--tw-brightness,) var(--tw-contrast,) var(--tw-grayscale,) var(--tw-hue-rotate,) var(--tw-invert,) var(--tw-saturate,) var(--tw-sepia,) var(--tw-drop-shadow,)}}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-400-normal.DQi5PRDE.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-400-normal.RR2C27NP.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:"Source Sans 3";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-600-normal.DeckBYAU.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/source-sans-3-latin-600-normal.Ck0n4g8U.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-500-normal.CUHe9xxf.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-500-normal.D4bPw0i_.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4";font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-600-normal.DouSKlru.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/source-serif-4-latin-600-normal.DeJomR3S.woff)format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:Source Sans Fallback;src:local(Arial),local(Helvetica Neue);size-adjust:104%;ascent-override:93%;descent-override:24%;line-gap-override:0%}html{color-scheme:light;background:var(--color-paper);scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:6rem}body{color:var(--color-ink);font-family:var(--font-sans);background-color:#fff;margin:0;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.65}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}.reveal{opacity:1;transform:none}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){a,button,input,select,summary,.site-header,.stack a img,.stack a strong{transition:color .2s,background-color .2s,border-color .2s,opacity .2s,transform .56s,background-size .28s,box-shadow .22s}}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-accent);outline-offset:3px}.skip{color:var(--color-ink);z-index:20;background:#fff;padding:.5rem .75rem;position:absolute;top:-4rem;left:1rem}.skip:focus{top:.5rem}.wrap{width:min(1360px,100% - 4.5rem);margin-inline:auto}.site-header{z-index:30;border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-line);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(14px);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);background:#ffffffe6;position:sticky;top:0}.site-header.is-scrolled{background:#fffffff5;border-bottom-color:#d8d8d8}.site-header .bar{justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:1.5rem;padding:1.7rem 0 1.35rem;display:flex}.wordmark{color:#111;font-family:var(--font-serif);letter-spacing:0;font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:500;text-decoration:none}.nav{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.35rem 1.35rem;display:flex}.nav a{color:#3f3f3f;font-size:.84rem;text-decoration:none}.nav a:hover,.wordmark:hover{color:#111}.nav a[aria-current=page]{color:#111;box-shadow:inset 0 -1px #111}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--font-serif);letter-spacing:-.02em;color:#111;font-weight:500;line-height:1.15}h1{margin:0 0 .85rem;font-size:clamp(2rem,3.2vw,2.85rem);font-weight:500}h2{margin:4.25rem 0 .6rem;font-size:1.2rem;font-weight:500}h3{margin:1.25rem 0 .35rem;font-size:1.35rem;line-height:1.2}.sr-only{clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.hero{width:100%;margin:.85rem 0 3.25rem;position:relative}.hero img{aspect-ratio:16/8;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 34%;width:100%;height:auto;display:block}.hero:after{content:"";pointer-events:none;background:linear-gradient(#120e0a00,#120e0a9e);height:48%;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;right:0}.hero h1{z-index:1;text-align:center;color:#fff;letter-spacing:-.02em;text-wrap:balance;margin:0;font-size:clamp(2rem,3.4vw,3.15rem);font-weight:500;position:absolute;bottom:1.35rem;left:1.25rem;right:1.25rem}.tool-note{background:#efe8dc;margin:3.25rem 0 .25rem;padding:1.85rem 2rem 2rem}.tool-note p{max-width:none;margin:0}.tool-note a{color:#111;font-family:var(--font-serif);letter-spacing:-.02em;font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:500;text-decoration:none}.tool-note p+p{color:var(--color-muted);margin-top:.45rem}.modern{gap:1rem;margin:2.4rem 0 .25rem;display:grid}.modern-frame,.story{margin:0}.modern-frame img{object-fit:cover;background:#111;width:100%;height:16rem;display:block}.story{max-width:24rem;margin:0 0 1.5rem}.story img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block}.modern-frame figcaption,.story figcaption{color:var(--color-muted);max-width:36rem;margin-top:.45rem;font-size:.95rem}.stack a.preview{grid-template-columns:24rem minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start;gap:2.5rem;display:grid}.stack a.preview img{object-fit:cover;width:24rem;height:17rem;display:block}.stack a:hover img{transform:scale(1.025)}.stack a:hover strong{background-size:100% 1px}.stack a:active{opacity:.72}.stack a strong{background-image:linear-gradient(currentColor,currentColor);background-position:0 100%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:0 1px}.opener{align-items:start;gap:1.15rem 2rem;margin:.4rem 0 1.5rem;display:grid}.opener .story{max-width:none;margin:0}.opener .story img{object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:18rem}.opener .takeaway{max-width:none;margin:.35rem 0 0}.sheet-page{max-width:none}body:not(.home) .article h2,body:not(.home) main.wrap>h2{margin-top:2.6rem}.takeaway p,.prose p,.lede,.sheet-page>p,.formula p:not(.expr),.article>div>p{text-align:justify;-webkit-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto}.reveal{opacity:0;transform:translateY(12px)}.reveal.shown{opacity:1;transform:none}.prose p,.answer p{margin:0 0 .9rem}.prose ul,.prose ol{margin:0 0 1rem;padding-left:1.2rem}.prose li{margin:.25rem 0}.prose a,.answer a,.crumbs a,footer.colophon a,td a{color:var(--color-accent);background-image:linear-gradient(currentColor,currentColor);background-position:0 100%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:100% 1px;text-decoration:none}.prose a:hover,.answer a:hover,.crumbs a:hover,footer.colophon a:hover,td a:hover{background-size:0 1px}.related a strong{color:var(--color-accent)}.kicker{color:var(--color-muted);margin:0 0 .4rem;font-size:.95rem}.takeaway{border-top:1px solid #111;max-width:none;margin:1.25rem 0 1.5rem;padding:.85rem 0 .2rem}.takeaway strong{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:#111;margin-bottom:.35rem;font-size:1.05rem;font-weight:500;display:block}.example.wide{max-width:100%}.formula,.example,.calc,.panel{background:0 0;border:none;border-top:1px solid #111;border-radius:0;max-width:none;margin:1.15rem 0 1.35rem;padding:.9rem 0 .2rem}.example.sheet{background:#efe8dc;border:none;max-width:none;padding:1.35rem 1.5rem 1.5rem}.example.wide{background:0 0;border:none;max-width:100%;padding:0}.sheet th,.sheet td{border-bottom-color:#ddd4c6}.sheet tbody tr:hover td{background:0 0}.formula p{margin:.25rem 0}.formula .expr{color:#111;font-weight:600}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:1rem}th,td{text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-line);padding:.7rem .75rem}th{letter-spacing:0;color:var(--color-muted);font-size:.82rem;font-weight:600}table.facts th{cursor:pointer}.example{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto}.facts{min-width:42rem}p.next a{color:var(--color-accent);font-weight:600}td.num,th.num{text-align:right;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.sheet td label{color:inherit;font-size:1rem}.sheet td.num input{text-align:right;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;background:#fff;border:1px solid #ddd4c6;width:8.5rem;margin-left:auto;padding:.35rem .55rem;font-weight:600}.sheet td.num input:focus{border-color:var(--color-accent);outline:2px solid var(--color-accent);outline-offset:1px;background:#fff}.sheet button{margin-top:.9rem}tbody tr:hover td{background:var(--color-wash)}.calc form,.finder{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:.9rem 1rem;display:grid}label{color:var(--color-muted);flex-direction:column;gap:.3rem;font-size:.95rem;display:flex}input,select,textarea{font:inherit;color:var(--color-ink);border:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-line);background:#fff;border-radius:0;width:100%;padding:.45rem 0}textarea{border:1px solid var(--color-line);min-height:7rem;padding:.6rem}button,.button{font:inherit;background:var(--color-accent);color:#fff;cursor:pointer;border:none;padding:.7rem 1rem;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}button:hover,.button:hover{background:#111}button:active,.button:active{transform:translateY(1px)}.out{border-top:1px solid var(--color-line);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;margin-top:1rem;padding-top:.8rem;display:flex}.out strong{color:#111;letter-spacing:-.03em;font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:600}.stack{gap:0;margin:1rem 0 2rem;display:grid}.stack a{color:inherit;border-top:1px solid var(--color-line);padding:2.15rem 0;text-decoration:none;display:block}.stack a span{color:var(--color-muted);font-size:.92rem;display:block}.stack a strong{color:#111;width:fit-content;font-family:var(--font-serif);letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:.1rem 0 .25rem;font-size:1.35rem;font-weight:500;display:block}.stack a p{color:var(--color-muted);text-align:justify;-webkit-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto;max-width:none;margin:.35rem 0 0;line-height:1.55}.article{margin-top:1.5rem;display:block}.toc{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;gap:.35rem 1.25rem;margin:0 0 1.75rem;font-size:.95rem;display:flex}.toc p{color:var(--color-muted);margin:0}.toc ol{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.35rem 1.25rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.toc a{color:#111;text-decoration:none}.toc a:hover{color:var(--color-accent)}.toc a.is-current{padding-left:.55rem;box-shadow:inset 2px 0 #111}.crumbs{color:var(--color-faint);margin:1.25rem 0 0;font-size:.92rem}.crumbs a{color:var(--color-muted);text-decoration:none}.byline,.updated{color:var(--color-muted);font-size:.98rem}.byline a{color:var(--color-accent)}.logo{color:#111;align-items:center;gap:.45rem;font-weight:600;display:inline-flex}.logo img{object-fit:contain;object-position:left center;width:auto;max-width:9.5rem;height:18px;display:block}.cards{gap:0;display:grid}.vendor-card{color:inherit;border-top:1px solid var(--color-line);padding:1.6rem 0;text-decoration:none;display:block}.vendor-card strong{font-family:var(--font-serif);letter-spacing:-.02em;font-size:1.35rem;font-weight:500}.vendor-card p{max-width:none;color:var(--color-muted);text-align:justify;-webkit-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto;margin:.35rem 0 0}.vendor-card:hover strong{background-size:100% 1px}.vendor-card strong{background-image:linear-gradient(currentColor,currentColor);background-position:0 100%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:0 1px}.tag{color:var(--color-accent);font-size:.82rem;display:inline-block}.chart{gap:.55rem;margin:.5rem 0 .25rem;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.chart li{grid-template-columns:minmax(8rem,12rem) 1fr auto;align-items:center;gap:.6rem;display:grid}.chart .track{background:var(--color-wash);height:.55rem}.chart .bar{background:var(--color-accent);height:.55rem;display:block}.chart .val{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.todo{border:1px dashed var(--color-line);max-width:none;color:var(--color-todo);text-align:justify;-webkit-hyphens:auto;hyphens:auto;margin:1rem 0;padding:.8rem 1rem}.todo strong{color:#111}.pos{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.4rem .8rem;margin:.4rem 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.pos li{align-items:center;gap:.35rem;display:inline-flex}footer.colophon{border-top:1px solid var(--color-line);color:var(--color-muted);margin-top:5.5rem;padding:1.25rem 0 3rem;font-size:.98rem}footer.colophon a{color:var(--color-accent)}@media(min-width:800px){.opener{grid-template-columns:16rem minmax(0,1fr)}.opener .story img{height:20rem}.opener .takeaway{margin-top:0}}@media(min-width:900px){.modern{grid-template-columns:1.35fr .8fr}.modern-frame img{height:22rem}.article{display:block}}@media(max-width:700px){.wrap{width:min(1360px,100% - 2rem)}.hero{margin-bottom:2rem}.hero img{aspect-ratio:4/3;object-position:center 28%}.hero h1{font-size:1.85rem;bottom:.9rem}.stack a.preview{grid-template-columns:9rem minmax(0,1fr);gap:1rem;padding:1.35rem 0}.stack a.preview img{width:9rem;height:6.75rem}.opener{grid-template-columns:1fr}.opener .story img{height:14rem}.calc form{grid-template-columns:1fr}.chart li{grid-template-columns:1fr auto}.chart .track{grid-column:1/-1}.site-header .bar{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.out{flex-direction:column}}@property --tw-blur{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-brightness{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-contrast{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-grayscale{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-hue-rotate{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-invert{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-opacity{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-saturate{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-sepia{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-drop-shadow{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-drop-shadow-color{syntax:"*";inherits:false}@property --tw-drop-shadow-alpha{syntax:"<percentage>";inherits:false;initial-value:100%}@property --tw-drop-shadow-size{syntax:"*";inherits:false}